Cervical cancer is a common malignant tumor which seriously threatens the health of women all over the world. The number of new cases of cervical cancer in China is about 100000 cases every year, and the death toll is 30000, that is, one case is diagnosed every 5-6 minutes, and one female dies every 20 minutes due to cervical cancer. In China, the incidence rate and mortality rate of cervical cancer are the first among the female reproductive system malignant tumors.
Incidence rate and mortality rate are the first cervical cancer. How to prevent it?
Cervical cancer is so terrible, so what is the right way to prevent it? The answer is to vaccinate HPV and screen the cervix.
March 4 is the Fourth International HPV awareness day. The event was initiated by the international papillomavirus Society (IPVS), sponsored by China Cancer Foundation and hosted by Chongqing University Affiliated Cancer Hospital. It aims to let more people know about cervical cancer, prevent cervical cancer and eliminate cervical cancer.
The only malignant tumor with definite etiology
Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor growing in the cervical part of women. The most common pathological type is squamous cell carcinoma, accounting for 80% to 85% of them, followed by other rare pathological types, such as adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous cell carcinoma. The prevalence of HPV infection in China is "double peak" according to age, the first peak is 17-24 years old and the second peak is 40-44 years old.
In 2018, the new cancer registry report of Chongqing showed that the incidence rate of cervical cancer was 20.64/10 million, which was next to breast cancer. The global HPV and related diseases report released in 2019 also shows that cervical cancer has become the second common tumor and the second leading cause of death in women aged 15-44.
HPV, known as human papillomavirus, is a virus that mainly passes through sexual transmission and enters into the reproductive tract, mouth or throat, which leads to mucosal skin infection. Almost all cases of cervical cancer (99%) are related to HPV infection, among which the most common high-risk types are HPV16 and HPV18, and more than 90% of cervical cancer are related to continuous infection of these two high-risk HPVs.
It can be said that cervical cancer has become the only tumor with definite etiology among all human malignant tumors.
HPV vaccine + cervical screening
HPV infection is very common, and the risk of HPV infection in women's life is 85% - 90%. However, after HPV infection, it can be removed by the immune mechanism of the body from months to one or two years, so most HPV infection is once-off and has no clinical symptoms.
"But some types of HPV continue to infect, and over time there will be precancerous lesions, which eventually leads to cervical cancer." Professor Zhou Qi said the process usually takes 5-10 years, or even longer.
Moreover, since it is clear that HPV infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Therefore, prevention of HPV infection can prevent most cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer.
At present, cervical cancer is carried out three-level prevention, especially the first two levels of prevention, the initiative is completely in your hands.
