China is a big country with stomach diseases. In the huge group of patients with stomach diseases, the middle-aged and elderly account for more than 70%, among which chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer are more common. In recent years, with the development of society and the acceleration of people's pace of life, irregular work and rest and unhealthy eating habits have led to many young people suffering from stomach diseases. According to the survey, the incidence rate of gastric cancer doubled among young people aged 19 to 35 compared with 30 years ago.
Common symptoms of gastropathy
The most common symptoms of gastropathy are epigastric discomfort, dull pain, burning pain, colic, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and so on. In severe cases, hematemesis, black stool, etc. We often say that stomach diseases generally refer to acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastric mucosal prolapse, gastric calculi, gastric cancer, gastric lymphoma, etc.
The main symptom of gastric ulcer is left upper abdominal pain shortly after meal. Pain may be rhythmic and seasonal, and may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, acid reflux and black stool. The age of onset is often about 45 to 50 years old.
The main symptoms of duodenal ulcer are pain in the right upper abdomen before meals or waking up in the middle of the night. It is often rhythmic and seasonal. A small amount of food can relieve abdominal pain, accompanied by acid reflux and black stool. The incidence rate of this disease is relatively young.
Typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux include acid reflux, heartburn, chest pain, back pain, sore throat, cough, asthma, nasal congestion, sudden deafness, sudden tinnitus and so on.
The sudden onset of gastric spasm can cause severe pain in the upper abdomen. There may be a history of unclean diet, agitation and diarrhea. It usually relieves itself after 1-2 hours.
The acute perforation of the ulcer suddenly causes severe abdominal pain, the abdomen is as hard as a plate, and the tenderness is obvious.
Early gastric cancer is asymptomatic. Some patients may have upper abdominal discomfort, abdominal distention, dull pain, nausea, anorexia, black stool, weight loss and other symptoms. Elderly patients with family history need special attention.
Habit of easily inducing stomach disease
Gastropathy is a multi etiological disease, which can be caused by heredity, environment, diet, drugs, bacteria, smoking and excessive drinking. Specifically, the incidence of gastric disease is usually related to the following five factors: persistent gastric mucosal injury after acute gastritis; Helicobacter pylori infection; Have long-term bad habits such as drinking spirits, strong tea and coffee, eating spicy and rough food, smoking and so on; Often take drugs harmful and irritating to gastric mucosa; Suffering from chronic diseases, such as chronic nephritis, uremia, severe diabetes, etc. Among them, bad living habits are an important factor leading to stomach disease. There are seven bad habits that can easily lead to stomach disease in life:
Working overtime and staying up late is stressful and nervous. Often working overtime and staying up late can easily lead to excessive gastric acid secretion and stomach discomfort.
Without breakfast, the gastric acid secreted by the stomach can not be digested by food, which will damage the esophagus and gastrointestinal mucosa. Over time, it is not only easy to cause ulcers, but also lead to the deposition of cholesterol in bile and induce gallstones.
Exercise and running immediately after meals may lead to insufficient blood supply to internal organs, affect digestive function and induce stomach disease.
Just eat and sleep. Many people are used to eating snacks. They fell asleep when they got home. A full meal before going to bed can easily lead to abnormal digestive function before the food in the stomach can be digested.
Eating too much each meal every day will not only increase the burden on the stomach, but also increase the pressure on the pancreas, gallbladder and other digestive organs, disturbing the normal working order of the digestive system.
Suffer from minor illness and do not pay attention to symptoms such as dull pain and abdominal distension. If you can stand it, you can postpone it. In an emergency, you can take painkillers.
If you have gastrointestinal diseases, eating too much spicy food will stimulate gastrointestinal mucosa and aggravate symptoms such as congestion and edema.
Attention should be paid to nourishing stomach in winter
As the saying goes, "three parts govern and seven parts raise". In addition to timely medication, patients with stomach diseases should also pay attention to maintenance. Especially in winter, the outdoor temperature is low and the temperature difference between morning and evening is large. A little indifferent
keep warm. Low temperature in winter will slow down gastric activity or cause gastric spasm, which is easy to lead to irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea, fatigue and general weakness. Therefore, we must pay attention to keep the stomach warm, add clothes in time, cover the quilt when sleeping, give the stomach a warm environment, and prevent the stomach from getting cold, causing stomach pain or aggravating existing diseases.
Temperate food is cold in winter. In order to maintain a certain amount of heat, it is necessary to increase the decomposition of sugar, fat, protein and other substances in the body to produce more energy to meet the needs of the body. Thermogenic nutrients such as carbohydrates, fat and protein should be added to the diet to improve the body's tolerance to low temperature. In addition, the stomach likes dryness and hates cold. We should eat more warm food, such as beef, mutton, leek and so on.
Every meal is fixed at a fixed time. In winter, the sunshine becomes shorter and it gets dark earlier. Many people change three meals a day into two, increasing the amount of two meals. This practice is easy to cause gastric acid secretion disorder and damage gastric mucosa. Three meals a day should be quantified regularly: breakfast is from 6:30 to 8:30, and energy intake accounts for 30% of the total daily energy intake; 11: 30-13:30 lunch, energy intake is 40% of the total daily amount; 18: 00 ~ 20:00 dinner, energy intake is 30% of the total daily amount.
Choose the right time to drink water. The best time to drink water is to get up on an empty stomach in the morning and one hour before each meal. Drinking water immediately after meals will dilute gastric juice. In addition, long-term consumption of soup and rice will also affect digestion.
Food temperature is suitable for cold weather in winter. Many people like to eat food with higher temperature. However, the human esophageal wall is composed of mucosa and can only tolerate 50 ~ 60 foods. If you exceed this temperature, you will burn the esophageal mucosa. Too cold food entering the stomach will stimulate the gastric mucosa and cause stomach disease, which is not conducive to human health. Therefore, the temperature of food should be appropriate, mainly warm. Eat more stews and fried vegetables, eat less salads, and don't drink freshly cooked hot soup.
Chewing and swallowing slowly can easily lead to food accumulation in the body, increase the burden on the stomach and slow down intestinal peristalsis. Chewing carefully and swallowing slowly is conducive to the uniform mixing of food and gastric juice, promote digestion and absorption, and improve the absorption rate of some nutrients. It is recommended to chew each mouthful of food 30 times and have a meal for no less than 20 minutes.
Take a walk to digest food. In winter, walking after meals can be changed to indoor. Do not go immediately after meals, but should be carried out 20 ~ 30 minutes after meals. "100 steps after dinner" is only suitable for people who are less active, fat or have too much acid in their stomach. Elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and arteriosclerosis should not "walk a hundred steps" immediately after dinner.
Feel comfortable. Many people have experienced "stomach ache when they are angry". Traditional Chinese medicine believes that anger hurts the liver and liver Qi disturbs the stomach, which is easy to cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as stomach pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a stable and pleasant mood. Shortening sunshine time in winter is easy to cause depression. It is recommended to keep exercising and bask in the sun as much as possible.
Pay attention to hygiene. Helicobacter pylori is one of the culprits of gastric disease. Especially when the body's resistance decreases, Helicobacter pylori is easy to cause the occurrence or recurrence of gastric disease. Therefore, change your toothbrush regularly and rinse your mouth correctly after each meal.
