October 13 is world thrombus day. A sprained foot can cause pulmonary embolism, lower limb thrombosis after flying for a long time, and thrombosis can also occur after lying in bed for a long time... Medical information network has learned that thrombosis often exists as a mystery and seriously threatens our health. What is the thrombus? What harm does it do to human body? How to prevent it?
"Blood vessels are like rivers, and thrombus is like a ship blocked on the trunk of the river, which will lead to the paralysis of the whole canal system in serious cases." Shu Xiaojun, deputy director of vascular surgery and the first ward of general surgery of the first hospital of Lanzhou University, introduced that thrombus refers to the formation of thrombus in blood vessels under certain conditions, resulting in partial or complete blockage of blood vessels, The process of causing obstruction of blood supply or blood reflux of corresponding organs or tissues.
Dr. Shu Xiaojun said that thrombotic diseases include arterial thrombosis and venous thrombosis. Thromboembolism will cause stroke, myocardial infarction and lower extremity arterial necrosis in arteries, while embolism in veins will cause congestion and edema in corresponding organs or tissues.
Due to different types and locations, the initial symptoms of thrombosis are also different. According to Dr. Shu Xiaojun, venous thrombosis is the most common type of thrombosis in clinic, and the common symptoms are local swelling and pain. For example, deep venous thrombosis in the lower limb, the affected limb suddenly swelled, accompanied by pain and tenderness, and even claudication or movement disorder. The swelling of lower limbs will be aggravated after activities, and it will be relieved to a certain extent after raising the lower limbs. In the acute phase, the skin will turn red, and the skin temperature of the affected limb is higher than that of the other limb. If the swelling is serious, the skin can appear cyan or even spotted changes. Arterial thrombosis often occurs suddenly, and the main symptom in the initial stage is local severe pain. Taking lower extremity arterial thrombosis as an example, arterial pulsation will be significantly weakened or even disappear after vascular embolization. At the same time, due to the obstruction of arterial blood supply, the skin color is pale and the temperature decreases significantly. The patient feels cold and numb on the affected lower limb.
"Thrombosis is more common in patients undergoing major surgery, severe trauma, long-term bed rest, limb immobilization and malignant tumors. Old age, smoking, pregnancy or postpartum, obesity, oral contraceptives and nephrotic syndrome are all the inducing factors of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis," said Dr. Shu Xiaojun.
No matter where the thrombus is blocked, it is dangerous and fatal to the body. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of thrombosis is particularly important. Dr. Shu Xiaojun suggested that for patients with basic diseases, if you want to prevent thrombosis, you should mainly prevent the primary disease and take medicine according to the doctor's guidance. For the general population, we should start with regular healthy living habits, such as quitting smoking, controlling body fat, strengthening exercise and so on.
