Since New Year's Day, the number of fever clinics in medical institutions across the country has shown a fluctuating downward trend, and the current respiratory diseases are still mainly caused by influenza. What is the difference between H1N1 and H1N1? Will I still get second rate if I get H1N1? How should protection be taken? In response to the above questions, the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention has provided answers.
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. Influenza virus is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets produced by infected individuals such as sneezing and coughing. It can also be directly or indirectly transmitted through mucous membranes such as the mouth, nose, and eyes.
Influenza viruses can be divided into four types: A, B, C, and D. The main causes of seasonal influenza outbreaks are type A and type B influenza viruses. The composition of type A and type B influenza viruses will also change alternately during different influenza seasons or different periods of the same influenza season.
According to the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, influenza A and influenza B are two different subtypes of influenza virus. Both contain two main surface proteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, but their structures differ, resulting in significant differences in antigenicity between them. However, the differences in pathogenicity are not significant.
So, will you still get second rate if you get H1N1? Experts from the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention have stated that specific antibodies produced after infection with the influenza A virus cannot provide effective protection against influenza B infection, and vice versa. Therefore, after being infected with influenza A, it is still possible to be infected with influenza B.
Wang Guiqiang, Director of the Department of Infectious Diseases at Peking University First Hospital, said that when symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections occur, timely differential diagnosis should be carried out, antigen or nucleic acid testing should be performed, and targeted treatment can be carried out after a clear diagnosis is made. For example, influenza can be treated with anti influenza drugs, especially for the elderly, children, and patients with underlying diseases who should use anti influenza drugs as early as possible.
Winter vacation and Spring Festival travel are approaching, and personnel mobility is increasing. The Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention reminds that whether it is H1N1 or COVID-19, scientific protection can better protect oneself. Firstly, it is important to pay attention to personal hygiene habits and wash hands after going out and home, before and after meals, and before touching the eyes, nose, and mouth; Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and do not spit on the ground.
In addition, it is important to maintain good air circulation in the home and open windows 2-3 times a day for ventilation, with each time lasting no less than 30 minutes. When opening windows for ventilation, pay attention to keeping warm and warm. Once there is a patient with fever at home, pay attention to reducing contact with the patient. Wear a mask when in contact, and do not touch the eyes, nose, or oral mucosa after contact, especially wash hands frequently. Pay attention to home environment disinfection and increase indoor ventilation frequency.
To maintain a healthy lifestyle, enhance the body's immune system, eat three regular meals a day, and make a reasonable combination of staple foods, vegetables, fruits, and poultry, fish, meat, and eggs; Exercise moderately to ensure sleep. At the same time, one should also closely monitor their own health status. If there are abnormal symptoms such as fever and acute respiratory infections, measures such as resting at home, taking medication, or seeking medical attention in a timely manner should be taken according to the situation. If the condition worsens or the underlying disease significantly worsens, immediate medical attention should be sought.
The Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention reminds that receiving influenza vaccine can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications for vaccinated individuals. The influenza vaccine for this epidemic season contains the B influenza antigen component, which has a good protective effect against B influenza infection.
